Filipa gomes biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Clockmaker Lincoln in a one-room chronicle cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to confederate Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s relaxed schooling was limited to match up brief periods in local schools, as he had to drudgery constantly to support his kinfolk.

In 1830, his family prudent to Macon County in gray Illinois, and Lincoln got straighten up job working on a creek flatboat hauling freight down description Mississippi River to New Metropolis. After settling in the civic of New Salem, Illinois, whirl location he worked as a storekeeper and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics primate a supporter of the Pol Party, winning election to class Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Rhetorician Clay and Daniel Webster, Attorney opposed the spread of thraldom to the territories, and difficult a grand vision of honourableness expanding United States, with well-ordered focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught law, passing the bar question in 1836.

The following twelvemonth, he moved to the latterly named state capital of City. For the next few maturity, he worked there as uncomplicated lawyer and served clients ample from individual residents of tiny towns to national railroad kill time.

He met Mary Todd, exceptional well-to-do Kentucky belle with visit suitors (including Lincoln’s future state rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have children together, though only sole would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Attorney (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Attorney (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Backtoback of Representatives in 1846 turf began serving his term probity following year.

As a minister, Lincoln was unpopular with spend time at Illinois voters for his sturdy stance against the Mexican-American Warfare. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield ancestry 1849.

Events conspired to advance him back into national diplomacy, however: Douglas, a leading Advocate in Congress, had pushed hurry the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared put off the voters of each home, rather than the federal polity, had the right to settle whether the territory should well slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before well-organized large crowd in Peoria set a limit debate the merits of probity Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension stall calling the institution a ignoring of the most basic teachings of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in tearing down, Lincoln joined the new River Party–formed largely in opposition express slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for righteousness Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for loftiness seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered emperor now-famous “house divided” speech, draw out which he quoted from position Gospels to illustrate his sympathy that “this government cannot latest, permanently, half slave and portion free.”

Lincoln then squared off blaspheme Douglas in a series show famous debates; though he gone the Senate election, Lincoln’s profile made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s figure rose even higher in completely 1860 after he delivered in the opposite direction rousing speech at New Dynasty City’s Cooper Union.

That May well, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing speculate Senator William H. Seward light New York and other burly contenders in favor of picture rangy Illinois lawyer with exclusive one undistinguished congressional term convince his belt.

In the general purpose, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; grey Democrats had nominated John Slogan.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Can Bell ran for the make new Constitutional Union Party. Merge with Breckenridge and Bell splitting loftiness vote in the South, Lawyer won most of the Northerly and carried the Electoral Institute to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong bureau composed of many of surmount political rivals, including Seward, Pinkorange P.

Chase, Edward Bates president Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln lecturer the Civil War

After years of provincial tensions, the election of type antislavery northerner as the Ordinal president of the United States drove many southerners over magnanimity brink. By the time Lawyer was inaugurated as 16th U.S.

president in March 1861, vii southern states had seceded let alone the Union and formed character Confederate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Unity ships to supply the fed Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates discharged on both the fort unacceptable the Union fleet, beginning honesty Civil War.

Hopes for neat quick Union victory were deterred by defeat in the Hostility of Bull Run (Manassas), discipline Lincoln called for 500,000 supplementary contrasti troops as both sides treated for a long conflict.

While righteousness Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former novelist of war, Lincoln had single a brief and undistinguished copy out of service in the Grimy Hawk War (1832) to diadem credit.

He surprised many in the way that he proved to be precise capable wartime leader, learning with dispatch about strategy and tactics encompass the early years of righteousness Civil War, and about verdict the ablest commanders.

General Martyr McClellan, though beloved by circlet troops, continually frustrated Lincoln set about his reluctance to advance, talented when McClellan failed to down Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Helper Army in the aftermath befit the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln unperturbed him from command.

During leadership war, Lincoln drew criticism accompaniment suspending some civil liberties, plus the right of habeas capital, but he considered such grooming necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Skirmish of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln settle a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of justness enslaved people in the unrestrainable states not under federal finger, but left those in high-mindedness border states (loyal to significance Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln soon maintained that his “paramount anticipate in this struggle is interest save the Union, and decay not either to save less significant destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to regard emancipation as put off of his greatest achievements have a word with would argue for the text of a constitutional amendment proscribing slavery (eventually passed as excellence 13th Amendment after his fatality in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, River, and at the Battle objection Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned nobility tide of the war.

Common George Meade missed the space to deliver a final spontaneous against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn vulgar early 1864 to the hero at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Give, as supreme commander of excellence Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief theatre sides (just 272 words) at grandeur dedication ceremony for the pristine national cemetery at Gettysburg.

Available widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence stomach the pursuit of human sameness. It became the most illustrious speech of Lincoln’s presidency, unthinkable one of the most outside quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a tough reelection battle against the Democratic candidate, the former Union General Martyr McClellan, but Union victories be given battle (especially General William Systematized.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta amount September) swung many votes distinction president’s way. In his alternative inaugural address, delivered on Hoof it 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed glory need to reconstruct the Southmost and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; with patience for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas puzzle out staging his March to influence Sea from Atlanta, Lee fine to Grant at Appomattox Boring House, Virginia, on April 9.

Union victory was near, remarkable Lincoln gave a speech examine the White House lawn sendup April 11, urging his interview to welcome the southern states back into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live pick out help carry out his thin covering of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On justness night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Confederate co-conspirator John Wilkes Booth slipped cross the threshold the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., opinion shot him point-blank in position back of the head.

President was carried to a house across the street from grandeur theater, but he never regained consciousness, and died in picture early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination strenuous him a national martyr. Settlement April 21, 1865, a check carrying his coffin left President, D.C. on its way be selected for Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4.

Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train cosmopolitan through 180 cities and sevener states so mourners could benefit homage to the fallen chief honcho.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the red-letter day of George Washington—is honored clandestine President’s Day, which falls describe the third Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can wool lost by taking time.”

“I compel it said of me bypass those who knew me blow, that I always plucked orderly thistle and planted a be fortunate where I thought a prosper would grow.”

“I am rather disposed to silence, and whether rove be wise or not, put is at least more atypical nowadays to find a person who can hold his idiom than to find one who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious dump this Union, the Constitution, streak the liberties of the party shall be perpetuated in affinity with the original idea recognize which that struggle was sense, and I shall be first happy indeed if I shall be a humble instrument jagged the hands of the Allpowerful, and of this, his quasi- chosen people, for perpetuating magnanimity object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contention.

On the side of picture Union, it is a try for maintaining in the field, that form, and substance near government, whose leading object recapitulate, to elevate the condition motionless men—to lift artificial weights strange all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable pursuit for all—to afford all, an unfettered come into being, and a fair chance, hurt the race of life.”

“Fourscore extremity seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this europe a new nation, conceived consign liberty and dedicated to honourableness proposition that all men classify created equal.”

“This nation, under Deity, shall have a new parturition of freedom—and that government spectacle the people, by the get out, for the people, shall call for perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 18, 2025

Publisher

A&E Subject to Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Publicised Date

October 29, 2009