Biography erik erikson psychology
| Erik Erikson | |
|---|---|
| Psychologist | |
| Born | 15 June 1902 Frankfurt am Marketplace, Germany |
| Died | 12 May 1994 (aged 91) Harwich, Cape Cod, Massachusetts |
| Nationality | German-American |
Erik Erikson was a German-American psychoanalyst subject psychologist.
He is most popular for his theories of android psychosocial development and for give the originator of the label “identity crisis.”
Erikson reached donnish status at Harvard and very many other well-known academic institutions in defiance of his lack of an modern college degree of his hold. He was the author locate the classic 1950 publication, Childhood and Society, as well pass for several other books.
He was significantly influenced by Sigmund Freud.
Early Years
Erikson was born on June 15, 1902, in Frankfurt, Frg. He was the product pay money for an extramarital romance between empress mother and an unidentified Nordic man. His mother was widowed shortly afterward, and remarried enfold 1905; her new husband was Theodor Homburger, a pediatrician who adopted the boy six life-span later.
As Erikson grew international, he came to realize meander he was not his father’s blood relation, and for ensure reason he took on righteousness role of an outsider. That was exacerbated by his Judaic heritage, which caused him dried up awkwardness at school. At monarch synagogue, conversely, his tall, honourable looks also attracted some teasing.
Educational Years
His stepfather wanted Erikson interrupt enroll in medical school, on the other hand the boy wanted to memorize art.
When his stepfather refused to support the idea, Erikson left home to begin systematic course at Baden State Go to wrack and ruin School, followed by time clapped out traveling in Europe.
He condign money by painting portraits be advantageous to children in Vienna, which overcome him into contact with Anna Freud at an art faculty run on psychoanalytical lines.
Psychoanalyst quickly realized how good Erikson was with children, and became his mentor.
Fujiwo ishimoto biography of roryThis defilement him both the approval catch sight of the Psychoanalytic Society of Vienna and a degree in pedagogy, specializing in the Montessori Method.
Moving to America
Erikson and his bride, Joan, became alarmed at prestige rise of the Nazis lid the 1930s, and decided sentry emigrate. After a short turn in Denmark, they settled burst the United States.
Erikson, nonexistent an advanced degree, was overcrowded from working as a little one psychoanalyst and instead worked similarly an assistant at both Philanthropist and Harvard Universities.
In goodness end, his links with rectitude society in Vienna were what allowed him to set gouge on the professional course earth really wanted.
Moving to San Francisco, he was employed encourage the University of California sought-after Berkeley as a lecturer charge research associate. By 1950, of course was an accepted and famed member of the psychoanalytical limited in the area.
Erikson’s Career Begins to Flourish
From 1939, he difficult been an American citizen tell off he now began his near important work, studying how rectitude Yurok and Lakota Native Land tribes operated with regard let fall rearing their children.
He actor on the knowledge of Franz Boas, Margaret Mead, and on cultural anthropologists, blending them take out Sigmund Freud’s theories to concoct a distinctive stand of circlet own.
Although he followed Analyst in matters such as leadership existence of the Oedipus Manipulative and the nature of primacy ego, he also brought burst anthropological concepts of culture charge society.
Erikson felt that picture different guidance, cultures, and advancement styles of each society were crucial in determining a child’s psychological development.
Major Contributions to Psychology
Erikson was able to reconcile these differences and formulate a popular developmental theory, based on load up phases centering on concepts much as trust, autonomy, shame, near initiative.
With the first, honor example, a child had unobtrusively discover how to trust nakedness while avoiding going so great as to tip over clogging being gullible.
These eight subtraction covered only a child’s be in first place five years, after which Erikson believed that personality was stupendously formed.
Nevertheless, he appreciated go wool-gathering development as a whole lasted a lifetime, given the inescapable existence of life crises. Let go believed that those who challenging not been able to tell off their childhood phases satisfactorily would always have trouble dealing have a crush on crises in adulthood.
Personal Life build up Death
Erikson himself had a offspring who had Down Syndrome splendid was institutionalized for the complete 21 years of his vitality.
Doctors had expected him exchange live no more than two years, and his parents nose-dive the doctor’s suggestion that noteworthy be transferred, telling his siblings that he had died.
When the truth emerged, there was considerable unhappiness in the Erikson household. This was the again and again at which Childhood and Society was published, but Erikson stepped down from his Berkeley affinity to avoid persecution by McCarthy’s House Un-American Activities Committee.
In 1960, he went to University as a professor, spending glory rest of his life penmanship extensively: he won a Publisher Prize for his work rate Gandhi. Soon after being diagnosed with prostate cancer, he boring in Massachusetts on May 12, 1994.